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The Naturalist Introduction: New York Winter Cruise (19:50)
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The Naturalist, Bernie Wides, Carol A Butler, Winter Cruise, sponsored by the New York Auduhn Society, seals, Red Hook, gulls, winter birds, shore birds, cormorants, water birds, in Asia they use cormorants are pets, used for fishing, Trinidad, Tobago,Eye Functionality in Insects & Birds (21:36)
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hummingbirds, Costa Rica, butterfly farms, cloud forest, Texas is a great place for migrating birds, bird photography, function of the eye, insects and birds, how different animals see differently, birds eye view, what does it look like to a be when they see a flower?, blind cave fish, DarwIn, bees have five eyes, three more light sensitive undeveloped eyes on their head, bee swarms, sperm whales, physically the largest eye in the animal kingdom, birds have the largest proportional eyes,Download MP3 (Full Episode)
The Naturalist Introduction: Winter Solstice (11:02)
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Bernie Wides, Heritage Radio Network, Bushwick, Roberta's, Tekserve, winter solstice, Yale University, what causes winter and summer?, everybody thought it was because of the distance between the Earth and the Sun, if that were true we would die, the sun is at the center of the solar system, Galileo Galilei, the axis of the Earth, its tilted 23 and a half degrees, summer occurs in the Northern Hemisphere when the axis points up, the sun does not move, ecliptic, four checkpoints, when the sun crosses from south to north it's the first day of spring, vernal equinox, when the sun reaches the furthest point north in the ecliptic its summer solstice, when it crosses the equator going back south its the autumnal equinox, when the sun goes furthest south on the ecliptic its the winter solstice,Winter Solstice In Culture (13:27)
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solstice means sun stop, we are 40 degrees north of the equator, latitude starts at 0 at the equator and goes up north, The North Pole, The Arctic Circle, 70% of the surface of the Earth is water, Hudson River, the water temperature here is colder than the air, since 45 BC, Julian calendar, daylight savings, Mexico, candle mass, Catholic Church, people brought candles to be blessed at mass, East Asian culture, lunar calendars, sunrise and sunset, the Earth orbits around the sun in an elliptical pattern not a circle, the solstice is always close to this day, Neolithic times, controlled the mating of animals and the sewing of crops, winter solstice sunrise, New Grange, Ireland, winter solstice sunset, Stonehenge, famine,Celebrating The Solstice & Seasonal Affective Disorder (10:11)
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Northern Europe, wine and beer, holidays we celebrate are based on ancient holidays, cold and darkness, gatherings are valued for emotional comfort, Greenland, Iceland, Norway, Denmark, Russia, depressive psychological effect of winter, tied to cold, tiredness, inactivity, seasonal affective disorder, insufficient sunlight, melatonin, circadian rhythm, tanning salon, increased negative ion exposure, serotonin, traveling across time zones, jet lag, take melatonin to avoid this, Southern Africa, mid winter festivals, forever greens, large ongoing fires, evening physical excursion, dancing, drinking, singing, when we celebrate the holidays we are dealing with light, burma, Christmas, the timing was adopted from Pagan tradition, substituted festivals with religious overtones,Download MP3 (Full Episode)








